Diagnostic quantities

The availability of a diagnostic depends on modeling choices. For example, the bed uplift rate dbdt is available only if a bed deformation model is selected.

Some scalar diagnostics come in two versions: the one with the suffix _glacierized and the one without. Here the former account for the ice output­.ice_free_thickness_standard meters or thicker (10 meters by default) and the latter include all ice regardless of the thickness. “Glacierized” versions were added to make it easier to analyze changes in glacier volumes and areas and exclude changes in the seasonal snow cover.

Spatially-variable fields

1. air_temp_mean_summer

   Units:

   kelvin

   Description:

   mean summer near-surface air temperature used in the cosine yearly cycle

2. air_temp_sd

   Units:

   kelvin

   Description:

   standard deviation of near-surface air temperature

3. air_temp_snapshot

   Units:

   kelvin

   Description:

   instantaneous value of the near-surface air temperature

4. atmosphere_transmissivity

   Units:

   1

   Description:

   atmosphere_transmissivity

5. basal_mass_flux_floating

   Units:

   kg m^-2 year^-1

   Description:

   average basal mass flux over the reporting interval (floating areas)

   Comment:

   positive flux corresponds to ice gain

6. basal_mass_flux_grounded

   Units:

   kg m^-2 year^-1

   Description:

   average basal mass flux over the reporting interval (grounded areas)

   Comment:

   positive flux corresponds to ice gain

7. basal_melt_rate_grounded

   Units:

   m s^-1

   Description:

   ice basal melt rate from energy conservation, in ice thickness per time (valid in grounded areas)

   Comment:

   positive basal melt rate corresponds to ice loss

8. bed_def_load

   Units:

   m

   Description:

   load on the bed expressed as ice-equivalent thickness

9. bedtoptemp

   Units:

   kelvin

   Description:

   temperature at the top surface of the bedrock thermal layer

10. beta

    Units:

    Pa s / m

    Description:

    basal drag coefficient

11. bfrict

    Units:

    W m^-2

    Description:

    basal frictional heating

12. bheatflx

    Units:

    W m^-2

    Description:

    upward geothermal flux at the bottom bedrock surface

    Comment:

    positive values correspond to an upward flux

13. bmelt

    Units:

    m year^-1

    Description:

    ice basal melt rate from energy conservation and subshelf melt, in ice thickness per time

    Standard name:

    land_ice_basal_melt_rate

    Comment:

    positive basal melt rate corresponds to ice loss

14. bwat

    Units:

    m

    Description:

    thickness of transportable subglacial water layer

15. bwatvel

    • bwatvel[0]

      Units:

      m s^-1

      Description:

      velocity of water in subglacial layer, i-offset

    • bwatvel[1]

      Units:

      m s^-1

      Description:

      velocity of water in subglacial layer, j-offset

16. bwp

    Units:

    Pa

    Description:

    pressure of transportable water in subglacial layer

17. bwprel

    Units:

    1

    Description:

    pressure of transportable water in subglacial layer as fraction of the overburden pressure

18. cell_grounded_fraction

    Units:

    —

    Description:

    fractional grounded/floating mask (floating=0, grounded=1)

19. climatic_mass_balance

    Units:

    kg m^-2 year^-1

    Description:

    surface mass balance (accumulation/ablation) rate

    Standard name:

    land_ice_surface_specific_mass_balance_flux

20. cts

    Units:

    1

    Description:

    cts = E/E_s(p), so cold-temperate transition surface is at cts = 1

21. dHdt

    Units:

    m year^-1

    Description:

    ice thickness rate of change

    Standard name:

    tendency_of_land_ice_thickness

22. dbdt

    Units:

    m s^-1

    Description:

    bedrock uplift rate

    Standard name:

    tendency_of_bedrock_altitude

23. debm_insolation_driven_melt_flux

    Units:

    kg m^-2 year^-1

    Description:

    surface insolation melt, averaged over the reporting interval

24. debm_insolation_driven_melt_rate

    Units:

    Gt year^-1

    Description:

    surface insolation melt, averaged over the reporting interval

25. debm_offset_melt_flux

    Units:

    kg m^-2 year^-1

    Description:

    offset melt, averaged over the reporting interval

26. debm_offset_melt_rate

    Units:

    Gt year^-1

    Description:

    offset melt, averaged over the reporting interval

27. debm_temperature_driven_melt_flux

    Units:

    kg m^-2 year^-1

    Description:

    temperature-driven melt, averaged over the reporting interval

28. debm_temperature_driven_melt_rate

    Units:

    Gt year^-1

    Description:

    temperature-driven melt, averaged over the reporting interval

29. deviatoric_stresses

    • sigma_xx

      Units:

      Pa

      Description:

      deviatoric stress in X direction

    • sigma_yy

      Units:

      Pa

      Description:

      deviatoric stress in Y direction

    • sigma_xy

      Units:

      Pa

      Description:

      deviatoric shear stress

30. diffusivity

    Units:

    m^2 s^-1

    Description:

    diffusivity of SIA mass continuity equation

31. diffusivity_staggered

    • diffusivity_i

      Units:

      m^2 s^-1

      Description:

      diffusivity of SIA mass continuity equation on the staggered grid (i-offset)

    • diffusivity_j

      Units:

      m^2 s^-1

      Description:

      diffusivity of SIA mass continuity equation on the staggered grid (j-offset)

32. effbwp

    Units:

    Pa

    Description:

    effective pressure of transportable water in subglacial layer (overburden pressure minus water pressure)

33. effective_air_temp

    Units:

    kelvin

    Description:

    effective mean-annual near-surface air temperature

34. effective_precipitation

    Units:

    kg m^-2 year^-1

    Description:

    effective precipitation rate

    Standard name:

    precipitation_flux

35. effective_viscosity

    Units:

    kPascal second

    Description:

    effective viscosity of ice

36. effective_water_velocity

    • u_effective_water_velocity

      Units:

      m day^-1

      Description:

      x-component of the effective water velocity in the steady-state hydrology model

    • v_effective_water_velocity

      Units:

      m day^-1

      Description:

      y-component of the effective water velocity in the steady-state hydrology model

37. eigen_calving_rate

    Units:

    m year^-1

    Description:

    horizontal calving rate due to eigen-calving

38. elastic_bed_displacement

    Units:

    meters

    Description:

    elastic part of the displacement in the Lingle-Clark bed deformation model; see [32]

39. enthalpy

    Units:

    J kg^-1

    Description:

    ice enthalpy (includes sensible heat, latent heat, pressure)

40. enthalpybase

    Units:

    J kg^-1

    Description:

    ice enthalpy at the base of ice

41. enthalpysurf

    Units:

    J kg^-1

    Description:

    ice enthalpy at 1m below the ice surface

42. firn_depth

    Units:

    m

    Description:

    firn cover depth

43. flux

    • uflux

      Units:

      m^2 year^-1

      Description:

      Vertically integrated horizontal flux of ice in the X direction

    • vflux

      Units:

      m^2 year^-1

      Description:

      Vertically integrated horizontal flux of ice in the Y direction

44. flux_divergence

    Units:

    m year^-1

    Description:

    flux divergence

45. flux_mag

    Units:

    m^2 year^-1

    Description:

    magnitude of vertically-integrated horizontal flux of ice

46. flux_staggered

    • flux_staggered[0]

      Units:

      m^2 year^-1

      Description:

      fluxes through cell interfaces (sides) on the staggered grid (x-offset)

    • flux_staggered[1]

      Units:

      m^2 year^-1

      Description:

      fluxes through cell interfaces (sides) on the staggered grid (y-offset)

47. frontal_melt_rate

    Units:

    m day^-1

    Description:

    frontal melt rate

48. frontal_melt_retreat_rate

    Units:

    m year^-1

    Description:

    retreat rate due to frontal melt

    Comment:

    takes into account what part of the front is submerged

49. grounding_line_flux

    Units:

    kg m^-2 year^-1

    Description:

    grounding line flux

    Comment:

    Positive flux corresponds to mass moving from the ocean to an icy grounded area. This convention makes it easier to compare grounding line flux to the total discharge into the ocean

50. h_x

    • h_x_i

      Units:

      1

      Description:

      the x-component of the surface gradient, i-offset

    • h_x_j

      Units:

      1

      Description:

      the x-component of the surface gradient, j-offset

51. h_y

    • h_y_i

      Units:

      1

      Description:

      the y-component of the surface gradient, i-offset

    • h_y_j

      Units:

      1

      Description:

      the y-component of the surface gradient, j-offset

52. hardav

    Units:

    Pa s^(1/n)

    Description:

    vertical average of ice hardness

    Comment:

    units depend on the Glen exponent used by the flow law

53. hardness

    Units:

    Pa s^(1/n)

    Description:

    ice hardness computed using the SIA flow law

    Comment:

    units depend on the Glen exponent used by the flow law

54. heat_flux_from_bedrock

    Units:

    mW m^-2

    Description:

    upward geothermal flux at the top bedrock surface

    Standard name:

    upward_geothermal_heat_flux_at_ground_level_in_land_ice

    Comment:

    positive values correspond to an upward flux

55. height_above_flotation

    Units:

    m

    Description:

    ice thickness in excess of the maximum floating ice thickness

    Comment:

    shows how close to floatation the ice is at a given location

56. hydraulic_potential

    Units:

    Pa

    Description:

    hydraulic potential in the subglacial hydrology system

57. hydraulic_potential_adjustment

    Units:

    Pa

    Description:

    potential adjustment needed to fill sinks when computing an estimate of the steady-state hydraulic potential

58. hydraulic_sinks

    Units:

    —

    Description:

    map of sinks in the domain (for debugging)

59. ice_area_specific_volume

    Units:

    m^3/m^2

    Description:

    ice-volume-per-area in partially-filled grid cells

    Comment:

    this variable represents the amount of ice in a partially-filled cell and not the corresponding geometry, so thinking about it as ‘thickness’ is not helpful

60. ice_base_elevation

    Units:

    m

    Description:

    ice bottom surface elevation

61. ice_margin_pressure_difference

    Units:

    Pa

    Description:

    vertically-averaged pressure difference at ice margins (including calving fronts)

62. ice_mass

    Units:

    kg

    Description:

    ice mass per cell

63. ice_mass_transport_across_grounding_line

    Units:

    Gt year^-1

    Description:

    ice mass flow rate across the grounding line

    Comment:

    Negative values correspond to mass moving from an icy grounded area into a lake or ocean. This convention makes it easier to compare to calving, frontal melt, and discharge fluxes.

64. ice_surface_liquid_water_fraction

    Units:

    1

    Description:

    ice liquid water fraction at the ice surface

65. ice_surface_temp

    Units:

    kelvin

    Description:

    ice temperature at the top ice surface

    Standard name:

    temperature_at_top_of_ice_sheet_model

66. insolation

    Units:

    W m^-2

    Description:

    mean top of atmosphere insolation during the period when the sun is above the critical angle Phi

67. isochronal_layer_thickness

    Units:

    m

    Description:

    thicknesses of isochronal layers

68. isochrone_depth

    Units:

    m

    Description:

    depth below surface of isochrones for times in ‘deposition_time’

69. lat

    Units:

    degree_north

    Description:

    latitude

    Standard name:

    latitude

70. liqfrac

    Units:

    1

    Description:

    liquid water fraction in ice (between 0 and 1)

71. lon

    Units:

    degree_east

    Description:

    longitude

    Standard name:

    longitude

72. mask

    Units:

    —

    Description:

    ice-type (ice-free/grounded/floating/ocean) integer mask

73. nuH

    • nuH[0]

      Units:

      kPa s m

      Description:

      ice thickness times effective viscosity, i-offset

    • nuH[1]

      Units:

      kPa s m

      Description:

      ice thickness times effective viscosity, j-offset

74. pressure

    Units:

    Pa

    Description:

    pressure in ice (hydrostatic)

75. rank

    Units:

    1

    Description:

    processor rank

76. remaining_water_thickness

    Units:

    m

    Description:

    scaled water thickness in the steady state hydrology model (has no physical meaning)

77. schoofs_theta

    Units:

    1

    Description:

    multiplier ‘theta’ in Schoof’s (2003) theory of bed roughness in SIA

78. sea_level

    Units:

    meters

    Description:

    sea level elevation, relative to the geoid

79. sftflf

    Units:

    1

    Description:

    fraction of a grid cell covered by floating ice

    Standard name:

    floating_ice_shelf_area_fraction

80. sftgif

    Units:

    1

    Description:

    fraction of a grid cell covered by ice (grounded or floating)

    Standard name:

    land_ice_area_fraction

81. sftgrf

    Units:

    1

    Description:

    fraction of a grid cell covered by grounded ice

    Standard name:

    grounded_ice_sheet_area_fraction

82. shelfbmassflux

    Units:

    kg m^-2 s^-1

    Description:

    mass flux at the basal surface of ice shelves

83. shelfbtemp

    Units:

    kelvin

    Description:

    ice temperature at the basal surface of ice shelves

84. snow_depth

    Units:

    m

    Description:

    snow cover depth (set to zero once a year)

85. steady_state_hydraulic_potential

    Units:

    Pa

    Description:

    estimate of the steady state hydraulic potential in the steady hydrology model

86. strain_rates

    • eigen1

      Units:

      s^-1

      Description:

      first eigenvalue of the horizontal, vertically-integrated strain rate tensor

    • eigen2

      Units:

      s^-1

      Description:

      second eigenvalue of the horizontal, vertically-integrated strain rate tensor

87. strainheat

    Units:

    mW m^-3

    Description:

    rate of strain heating in ice (dissipation heating)

88. subglacial_water_flux_mag

    Units:

    m^2 year^-1

    Description:

    magnitude of the subglacial water flux

89. subglacial_water_input_rate

    Units:

    m year^-1

    Description:

    water input rate from the ice surface into the subglacial water system

    Comment:

    positive flux corresponds to water gain

90. surface_accumulation_flux

    Units:

    kg m^-2 year^-1

    Description:

    accumulation (precipitation minus rain), averaged over the reporting interval

91. surface_accumulation_rate

    Units:

    Gt year^-1

    Description:

    accumulation (precipitation minus rain), averaged over the reporting interval

92. surface_albedo

    Units:

    1

    Description:

    surface_albedo

    Standard name:

    surface_albedo

93. surface_layer_mass

    Units:

    kg

    Description:

    mass of the surface layer (snow and firn)

94. surface_layer_thickness

    Units:

    meters

    Description:

    thickness of the surface layer (snow and firn)

95. surface_melt_flux

    Units:

    kg m^-2 year^-1

    Description:

    surface melt, averaged over the reporting interval

    Standard name:

    surface_snow_and_ice_melt_flux

96. surface_melt_rate

    Units:

    Gt year^-1

    Description:

    surface melt, averaged over the reporting interval

97. surface_runoff_flux

    Units:

    kg m^-2 year^-1

    Description:

    surface runoff, averaged over the reporting interval

    Standard name:

    surface_runoff_flux

98. surface_runoff_rate

    Units:

    Gt year^-1

    Description:

    surface runoff, averaged over the reporting interval

99. taub

    • taub_x

      Units:

      Pa

      Description:

      X-component of the shear stress at the base of ice

      Comment:

      this field is purely diagnostic (not used by the model)

    • taub_y

      Units:

      Pa

      Description:

      Y-component of the shear stress at the base of ice

      Comment:

      this field is purely diagnostic (not used by the model)

100. taub_mag

     Units:

     Pa

     Description:

     magnitude of the basal shear stress at the base of ice

     Standard name:

     land_ice_basal_drag

     Comment:

     this field is purely diagnostic (not used by the model)

101. tauc

     Units:

     Pa

     Description:

     yield stress for basal till (plastic or pseudo-plastic model)

102. taud

     • taud_x

       Units:

       Pa

       Description:

       X-component of the driving shear stress at the base of ice

       Comment:

       this is the driving stress used by the SSAFD solver

     • taud_y

       Units:

       Pa

       Description:

       Y-component of the driving shear stress at the base of ice

       Comment:

       this is the driving stress used by the SSAFD solver

103. taud_mag

     Units:

     Pa

     Description:

     magnitude of the driving shear stress at the base of ice

     Comment:

     this is the magnitude of the driving stress used by the SSAFD solver

104. tauxz

     Units:

     Pa

     Description:

     shear stress xz component (in shallow ice approximation SIA)

105. tauyz

     Units:

     Pa

     Description:

     shear stress yz component (in shallow ice approximation SIA)

106. temp

     Units:

     kelvin

     Description:

     ice temperature

     Standard name:

     land_ice_temperature

107. temp_pa

     Units:

     deg_C

     Description:

     pressure-adjusted ice temperature (degrees above pressure-melting point)

108. tempbase

     Units:

     kelvin

     Description:

     ice temperature at the base of ice

     Standard name:

     land_ice_basal_temperature

109. tempicethk

     Units:

     m

     Description:

     temperate ice thickness (total column content)

110. tempicethk_basal

     Units:

     m

     Description:

     thickness of the basal layer of temperate ice

111. temppabase

     Units:

     degree_Celsius

     Description:

     pressure-adjusted ice temperature at the base of ice

112. tempsurf

     Units:

     kelvin

     Description:

     ice temperature at 1m below the ice surface

     Standard name:

     temperature_at_ground_level_in_snow_or_firn

113. tendency_of_ice_amount

     Units:

     kg m^-2 year^-1

     Description:

     rate of change of the ice amount

114. tendency_of_ice_amount_due_to_basal_mass_flux

     Units:

     kg m^-2 year^-1

     Description:

     average basal mass flux over reporting interval

     Comment:

     positive flux corresponds to ice gain

115. tendency_of_ice_amount_due_to_calving

     Units:

     kg m^-2 year^-1

     Description:

     calving flux

     Standard name:

     land_ice_specific_mass_flux_due_to_calving

     Comment:

     positive flux corresponds to ice gain

116. tendency_of_ice_amount_due_to_conservation_error

     Units:

     kg m^-2 year^-1

     Description:

     average mass conservation error flux over reporting interval

     Comment:

     positive flux corresponds to ice gain

117. tendency_of_ice_amount_due_to_discharge

     Units:

     kg m^-2 year^-1

     Description:

     discharge flux (calving, frontal melt, forced retreat)

     Standard name:

     land_ice_specific_mass_flux_due_to_calving_and_ice_front_melting

     Comment:

     positive flux corresponds to ice gain

118. tendency_of_ice_amount_due_to_flow

     Units:

     kg m^-2 year^-1

     Description:

     rate of change of ice amount due to flow

     Comment:

     positive flux corresponds to ice gain

119. tendency_of_ice_amount_due_to_forced_retreat

     Units:

     kg m^-2 year^-1

     Description:

     forced (prescribed) retreat flux

     Comment:

     positive flux corresponds to ice gain

120. tendency_of_ice_amount_due_to_frontal_melt

     Units:

     kg m^-2 year^-1

     Description:

     frontal melt flux

     Comment:

     positive flux corresponds to ice gain

121. tendency_of_ice_amount_due_to_surface_mass_flux

     Units:

     kg m^-2 year^-1

     Description:

     average surface mass flux over reporting interval

     Standard name:

     land_ice_surface_specific_mass_balance_flux

     Comment:

     positive flux corresponds to ice gain

122. tendency_of_ice_mass

     Units:

     Gt year^-1

     Description:

     rate of change of the ice mass

123. tendency_of_ice_mass_due_to_basal_mass_flux

     Units:

     Gt year^-1

     Description:

     average basal mass flux over reporting interval

     Standard name:

     tendency_of_land_ice_mass_due_to_basal_mass_balance

     Comment:

     positive flux corresponds to ice gain

124. tendency_of_ice_mass_due_to_calving

     Units:

     Gt year^-1

     Description:

     calving flux

     Comment:

     positive flux corresponds to ice gain

125. tendency_of_ice_mass_due_to_conservation_error

     Units:

     Gt year^-1

     Description:

     average mass conservation error flux over reporting interval

     Comment:

     positive flux corresponds to ice gain

126. tendency_of_ice_mass_due_to_discharge

     Units:

     Gt year^-1

     Description:

     discharge flux (calving, frontal melt, forced retreat)

     Comment:

     positive flux corresponds to ice gain

127. tendency_of_ice_mass_due_to_flow

     Units:

     Gt year^-1

     Description:

     rate of change of ice mass due to flow

     Comment:

     positive flux corresponds to ice gain

128. tendency_of_ice_mass_due_to_forced_retreat

     Units:

     Gt year^-1

     Description:

     forced (prescribed) retreat flux

     Comment:

     positive flux corresponds to ice gain

129. tendency_of_ice_mass_due_to_frontal_melt

     Units:

     Gt year^-1

     Description:

     frontal melt flux

     Comment:

     positive flux corresponds to ice gain

130. tendency_of_ice_mass_due_to_surface_mass_flux

     Units:

     Gt year^-1

     Description:

     average surface mass flux over reporting interval

     Comment:

     positive flux corresponds to ice gain

131. tendency_of_subglacial_water_mass

     Units:

     Gt year^-1

     Description:

     rate of change of the total mass of subglacial water

     Comment:

     positive flux corresponds to water gain

132. tendency_of_subglacial_water_mass_at_domain_boundary

     Units:

     Gt year^-1

     Description:

     subglacial water flux at domain boundary (in regional model configurations)

     Comment:

     positive flux corresponds to water gain

133. tendency_of_subglacial_water_mass_at_grounded_margins

     Units:

     Gt year^-1

     Description:

     subglacial water flux at grounded ice margins

     Comment:

     positive flux corresponds to water gain

134. tendency_of_subglacial_water_mass_at_grounding_line

     Units:

     Gt year^-1

     Description:

     subglacial water flux at grounding lines

     Comment:

     positive flux corresponds to water gain

135. tendency_of_subglacial_water_mass_due_to_conservation_error

     Units:

     Gt year^-1

     Description:

     subglacial water flux due to conservation error (mass added to preserve non-negativity)

     Comment:

     positive flux corresponds to water gain

136. tendency_of_subglacial_water_mass_due_to_flow

     Units:

     Gt year^-1

     Description:

     rate of change subglacial water mass due to lateral flow

     Comment:

     positive flux corresponds to water gain

137. tendency_of_subglacial_water_mass_due_to_input

     Units:

     Gt year^-1

     Description:

     subglacial water flux due to input

     Comment:

     positive flux corresponds to water gain

138. thickness_calving_threshold

     Units:

     m

     Description:

     threshold used by the ‘calving at threshold’ calving method

139. thk

     Units:

     m

     Description:

     land ice thickness

     Standard name:

     land_ice_thickness

140. thk_bc_mask

     Units:

     —

     Description:

     Mask specifying locations where ice thickness is held constant

141. thksmooth

     Units:

     m

     Description:

     thickness relative to smoothed bed elevation in Schoof’s (2003) theory of bed roughness in SIA

142. tillphi

     Units:

     degrees

     Description:

     friction angle for till under grounded ice sheet

143. tillwat

     Units:

     m

     Description:

     effective thickness of subglacial water stored in till

144. topg

     Units:

     m

     Description:

     bedrock surface elevation

     Standard name:

     bedrock_altitude

145. topg_sl_adjusted

     Units:

     meters

     Description:

     sea-level adjusted bed topography (zero is at sea level)

146. topgsmooth

     Units:

     m

     Description:

     smoothed bed elevation in Schoof’s (2003) theory of bed roughness in SIA

147. usurf

     Units:

     m

     Description:

     ice top surface elevation

     Standard name:

     surface_altitude

148. uvel

     Units:

     m year^-1

     Description:

     horizontal velocity of ice in the X direction

     Standard name:

     land_ice_x_velocity

149. vel_bc_mask

     Units:

     —

     Description:

     Mask prescribing Dirichlet boundary locations for the sliding velocity

150. vel_bc_values

     • u_bc

       Units:

       m s^-1

       Description:

       X-component of the SSA velocity boundary conditions

     • v_bc

       Units:

       m s^-1

       Description:

       Y-component of the SSA velocity boundary conditions

151. velbar

     • ubar

       Units:

       m year^-1

       Description:

       vertical mean of horizontal ice velocity in the X direction

       Standard name:

       land_ice_vertical_mean_x_velocity

     • vbar

       Units:

       m year^-1

       Description:

       vertical mean of horizontal ice velocity in the Y direction

       Standard name:

       land_ice_vertical_mean_y_velocity

152. velbar_mag

     Units:

     m year^-1

     Description:

     magnitude of vertically-integrated horizontal velocity of ice

153. velbase

     • uvelbase

       Units:

       m year^-1

       Description:

       x-component of the horizontal velocity of ice at the base of ice

       Standard name:

       land_ice_basal_x_velocity

     • vvelbase

       Units:

       m year^-1

       Description:

       y-component of the horizontal velocity of ice at the base of ice

       Standard name:

       land_ice_basal_y_velocity

154. velbase_mag

     Units:

     m year^-1

     Description:

     magnitude of horizontal velocity of ice at base of ice

155. velsurf

     • uvelsurf

       Units:

       m year^-1

       Description:

       x-component of the horizontal velocity of ice at ice surface

       Standard name:

       land_ice_surface_x_velocity

     • vvelsurf

       Units:

       m year^-1

       Description:

       y-component of the horizontal velocity of ice at ice surface

       Standard name:

       land_ice_surface_y_velocity

156. velsurf_mag

     Units:

     m year^-1

     Description:

     magnitude of horizontal velocity of ice at ice surface

157. viscous_bed_displacement

     Units:

     meters

     Description:

     bed displacement in the viscous half-space bed deformation model; see BuelerLingleBrown

158. vonmises_calving_rate

     Units:

     m year^-1

     Description:

     horizontal calving rate due to von Mises calving

159. vonmises_calving_threshold

     Units:

     Pa

     Description:

     threshold used by the ‘von Mises’ calving method

160. vonmises_stress

     Units:

     Pascal

     Description:

     tensile von Mises stress

161. vvel

     Units:

     m year^-1

     Description:

     horizontal velocity of ice in the Y direction

     Standard name:

     land_ice_y_velocity

162. wallmelt

     Units:

     m year^-1

     Description:

     wall melt into subglacial hydrology layer from (turbulent) dissipation of energy in transportable water

163. wvel

     Units:

     m year^-1

     Description:

     vertical velocity of ice, relative to geoid

164. wvel_rel

     Units:

     m year^-1

     Description:

     vertical velocity of ice, relative to base of ice directly below

165. wvelbase

     Units:

     m year^-1

     Description:

     vertical velocity of ice at the base of ice, relative to the geoid

     Standard name:

     land_ice_basal_upward_velocity

166. wvelsurf

     Units:

     m year^-1

     Description:

     vertical velocity of ice at ice surface, relative to the geoid

     Standard name:

     land_ice_surface_upward_velocity

Scalar time-series

1. basal_mass_flux_floating

   Units:

   Gt year^-1

   Description:

   total sub-shelf ice flux

   Standard name:

   tendency_of_land_ice_mass_due_to_basal_mass_balance

   Comment:

   positive means ice gain

2. basal_mass_flux_grounded

   Units:

   Gt year^-1

   Description:

   total over grounded ice domain of basal mass flux

   Standard name:

   tendency_of_land_ice_mass_due_to_basal_mass_balance

   Comment:

   positive means ice gain

3. dt

   Units:

   year

   Description:

   mass continuity time step

4. dt_ratio

   Units:

   1

   Description:

   ratio of max. allowed time steps according to CFL and SIA diffusivity criteria

5. grounding_line_flux

   Units:

   Gt year^-1

   Description:

   total ice flux across the grounding line

   Comment:

   negative flux corresponds to ice loss into the ocean

6. ice_area_glacierized

   Units:

   m^2

   Description:

   glacierized area

7. ice_area_glacierized_cold_base

   Units:

   m^2

   Description:

   glacierized area where basal ice is cold

8. ice_area_glacierized_floating

   Units:

   m^2

   Description:

   area of ice shelves in glacierized areas

   Standard name:

   floating_ice_shelf_area

9. ice_area_glacierized_grounded

   Units:

   m^2

   Description:

   area of grounded ice in glacierized areas

   Standard name:

   grounded_ice_sheet_area

10. ice_area_glacierized_temperate_base

    Units:

    m^2

    Description:

    glacierized area where basal ice is temperate

11. ice_enthalpy

    Units:

    J

    Description:

    enthalpy of the ice, including seasonal cover

12. ice_enthalpy_glacierized

    Units:

    J

    Description:

    enthalpy of the ice in glacierized areas

13. ice_mass

    Units:

    kg

    Description:

    mass of the ice, including seasonal cover

    Standard name:

    land_ice_mass

14. ice_mass_glacierized

    Units:

    kg

    Description:

    mass of the ice in glacierized areas

15. ice_volume

    Units:

    m^3

    Description:

    volume of the ice, including seasonal cover

16. ice_volume_cold

    Units:

    m^3

    Description:

    volume of cold ice, including seasonal cover

17. ice_volume_glacierized

    Units:

    m^3

    Description:

    volume of the ice in glacierized areas

18. ice_volume_glacierized_cold

    Units:

    m^3

    Description:

    volume of cold ice in glacierized areas

19. ice_volume_glacierized_floating

    Units:

    m^3

    Description:

    volume of ice shelves in glacierized areas

20. ice_volume_glacierized_grounded

    Units:

    m^3

    Description:

    volume of grounded ice in glacierized areas

21. ice_volume_glacierized_temperate

    Units:

    m^3

    Description:

    volume of temperate ice in glacierized areas

22. ice_volume_temperate

    Units:

    m^3

    Description:

    volume of temperate ice, including seasonal cover

23. limnsw

    Units:

    kg

    Description:

    mass of the ice not displacing sea water

    Standard name:

    land_ice_mass_not_displacing_sea_water

24. liquified_ice_flux

    Units:

    m^3 / year

    Description:

    rate of ice loss due to liquefaction, averaged over the reporting interval

    Comment:

    positive means ice loss

25. max_diffusivity

    Units:

    m^2 s^-1

    Description:

    maximum diffusivity of the flow (usually from the SIA model)

26. max_horizontal_vel

    Units:

    m year^-1

    Description:

    max(max(abs(u)), max(abs(v))) for the horizontal velocity of ice over volume of the ice in last time step during time-series reporting interval

27. sea_level_rise_potential

    Units:

    m

    Description:

    the sea level rise that would result if all the ice were melted

28. surface_accumulation_rate

    Units:

    kg year^-1

    Description:

    surface accumulation rate (PDD model)

29. surface_melt_rate

    Units:

    kg year^-1

    Description:

    surface melt rate (PDD model)

30. surface_runoff_rate

    Units:

    kg year^-1

    Description:

    surface runoff rate (PDD model)

31. tendency_of_ice_mass

    Units:

    Gt year^-1

    Description:

    rate of change of the mass of ice, including seasonal cover

32. tendency_of_ice_mass_due_to_basal_mass_flux

    Units:

    Gt year^-1

    Description:

    total over ice domain of bottom surface ice mass flux

    Standard name:

    tendency_of_land_ice_mass_due_to_basal_mass_balance

    Comment:

    positive means ice gain

33. tendency_of_ice_mass_due_to_calving

    Units:

    Gt year^-1

    Description:

    calving flux

    Standard name:

    tendency_of_land_ice_mass_due_to_calving

    Comment:

    positive means ice gain

34. tendency_of_ice_mass_due_to_conservation_error

    Units:

    Gt year^-1

    Description:

    total numerical flux needed to preserve non-negativity of ice thickness

    Comment:

    positive means ice gain

35. tendency_of_ice_mass_due_to_discharge

    Units:

    Gt year^-1

    Description:

    discharge flux (frontal melt, calving, forced retreat)

    Standard name:

    tendency_of_land_ice_mass_due_to_calving_and_ice_front_melting

    Comment:

    positive means ice gain

36. tendency_of_ice_mass_due_to_flow

    Units:

    Gt year^-1

    Description:

    rate of change of the mass of ice due to flow (i.e. prescribed ice thickness)

37. tendency_of_ice_mass_due_to_surface_mass_flux

    Units:

    Gt year^-1

    Description:

    total over ice domain of top surface ice mass flux

    Standard name:

    tendency_of_land_ice_mass_due_to_surface_mass_balance

    Comment:

    positive means ice gain

38. tendency_of_ice_mass_glacierized

    Units:

    Gt year^-1

    Description:

    rate of change of the ice mass in glacierized areas

39. tendency_of_ice_volume

    Units:

    m^3 year^-1

    Description:

    rate of change of the ice volume, including seasonal cover

40. tendency_of_ice_volume_glacierized

    Units:

    m^3 year^-1

    Description:

    rate of change of the ice volume in glacierized areas

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